CJ model Jeeps are both a series and a range of small, open-bodied off-road vehicles and compact pickup trucks, built and sold by several successive incarnations of the Jeep automobile marque from 1945 to 1986.
In 1944 Willys-Overland, one of the two main manufacturers of the World War II military Jeep, built the first prototypes for a commercial version - the CJ, short for "Civilian Jeep". From then on all CJ Jeeps consistently had a separate body and frame, rigid live axles with leaf-springs both front and rear, a tapering nose design with flared fenders, a fold-flat windshield, and could be driven without doors. Also, with few exceptions, they had part-time four-wheel drive systems, with the choice of high and low gearing, and open bodies with removable hard- or soft-tops.
After remaining in production through a range of model numbers, and several corporate parents, the Jeep CJ line was officially ended in 1986. More than 1.5 million CJ Jeeps were built, having continued the same basic body style for 45 years since the jeep first appeared. American Motors VP Joseph Cappy said the end of "CJ production will signal an end of a very important era in Jeep history." The Jeep CJ-7 was replaced in 1986 by the similar-looking Jeep Wrangler, and the Jeep CJ-8 and CJ-10 were succeeded by the Jeep Comanche pickup.
The similar model DJ, was a 2-wheel drive only version made by AMC's AM General Division which was available with a closed steel body and right hand drive, for instance for the United States Postal Service.
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CJ-1
By 1944, the Allies were confident the war would be won. This allowed Willys to consider designing a Jeep for the post-war civilian market. Documentation is scarce, but it seems that a Willys-Overland CJ-1 (for "Civilian Jeep-1") was running by May of that year. The CJ-1 was apparently an MB that had been modified by adding a tailgate, drawbar, and a civilian-style canvas top. None of the CJ-1s built have survived, and it is not known (at this writing) how many were built.
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CJ-2
Although it bore the CJ name, the Willys-Overland CJ-2 was not really available at retail. The CJ-2s, also known as "AgriJeeps," were the second generation prototype for the first production civilian Jeep, and were used solely for testing purposes. It was directly based on the military Willys MB, using the same Willys Go Devil engine, but stripped of all military features, particularly the blackout lighting. They had tailgates, power take-offs (PTO's), engine governors ($28.65), column-shift T90 manual transmissions, 5.38 gears, 2.43:1 low-range transfer cases, and driver's-side tool indentations. The earlier models had brass plaques on the hood and windshield that read "JEEP". Later models were stamped "JEEP" a la the familiar "WILLYS" stamping that appeared on the CJ-2A and later models. Some CJ-2s had "AgriJeep" plaques affixed to the dash. The spare tire was mounted forward of the passenger-side rear wheel on the earlier models and aft of the rear wheel on later ones. It seems that CJ-2s were distributed to "agricultural stations" for evaluation purposes. Of the 45 CJ-2s built, serial numbers CJ2-06, CJ2-09, CJ2-11, CJ2-12, CJ2-14, CJ2-26, CJ2-32, CJ2-37 and CJ2-39 have survived. Only CJ2-09 has been restored.
CJ-2A
The lessons learned with the CJ-2 led to the development of the first full-production CJ, the 1945-1949 Willys-Overland CJ-2A, or Universal Jeep. The CJ-2A looked very much like a civilianized MB with a tailgate and side-mounted spare tire. One major difference between the MB and the CJ-2A was the grilles of the two vehicles. The MB had recessed headlights and nine-slot grilles while the CJ2A had larger headlights flush-mounted in a seven-slot grille. In place of the MB's T-84 transmission, the CJ-2A was equipped with the beefier T-90 three-speed transmission. The CJ-2A was still powered by the reliable L-134 Go-Devil engine. Many of the early CJ-2As were produced using surplus military Jeep parts such as engine blocks and, in a few cases, modified frames. Some of the use of surplus parts was due to strikes at suppliers such as Autolite. Since Willys produced few parts in-house and relied heavily on suppliers, it was vulnerable to strikes. Unfortunately for Willys, strikes were common postwar. This undoubtedly contributed to low production totals in 1945 and early 1946.
Since the CJ-2A was primarily intended for farming, ranching, and industrial applications, stock CJ-2As only came with a driver seat and driver side mirror, and a wide variety of options were available such as: front passenger seat, rear seat, center rear-view mirror, canvas top, front PTO, rear PTO, belt pulley drive, capstan winch, governor, rear hydraulic lift, snow plow, welder, generator, mower, disc, front bumper weight, heavy-duty springs, dual vacuum windshield wipers (stock CJ-2As were equipped with a manual wiper on the passenger side and a vacuum wiper on the driver side), dual taillights (Stock CJ-2As had a taillight on the driver side and a reflector on the passenger side), hot-climate radiator, driveshaft guards, heater, side steps, and radiator brush guard.
CJ-2As were produced with unique, lively color combinations that in some ways symbolized the hope and promise of postwar America. From 1945 to mid-1946, CJ-2As were only available in two color combinations: Pasture Green with Autumn Yellow wheels and Harvest Tan with Sunset Red wheels. Additional color combinations added in mid-1946 were: Princeton Black with Harvard Red or Sunset Red wheels, Michigan Yellow with Pasture Green, Sunset Red or Americar Black wheels, Normandy Blue with Autumn Yellow or Sunset Red wheels, and Harvard Red with Autumn Yellow or Americar Black wheels. The Pasture Green and Harvest Tan combinations were dropped later in 1946. The Harvard Red combinations were dropped in 1947 and replaced with Picket Gray with Harvard Red wheels, and Luzon Red with Universal Beige wheels. In 1948, the following color combinations were also added: Emerald Green with Universal Beige wheels, Potomac Gray with Harvard Red or American Black wheels. For 1949, the Picket Gray, Michigan Yellow, and Normandy Blue combinations were dropped. Olive drab was also available for export models.
On early CJ-2As, the front seats were covered in olive drab vinyl. Around mid-1947, Slate Gray vinyl became available for certain color combinations. Later, Barcelona Red was added to the mix.
A total of 214,760 CJ-2As were produced.
CJ-3A
The Willys-Overland CJ-3A was introduced in 1949 and was in production until 1953 when replaced by the CJ-3B. It was powered by Willys' 60 hp (45 kW; 61 PS) L-134 "Go-Devil" 4-cylinder engine, with a T-90 transmission and Dana 18 transfer case, a Dana 25 front axle and Dana 41 or 44 rear axle. It featured a one-piece windshield with a vent as well as wipers at the bottom. The CJ-3A had beefed up suspension (10 leaf) to accommodate the various agricultural implements that were being built for the vehicle. Another difference was a shorter rear wheelwell (the wheelwell from the top front edge to the rear of the body is 32 in (810 mm) on the 3A compared to 34 in (860 mm) on the 2A) and moving the drivers seat rearward. As of 1951 a Farm Jeep and a Jeep Tractor version were offered; the latter was very bare-bones, for field use only, and featured a power takeoff.
131,843 CJ-3As were produced before the series ended in 1953. About 550 of the CJ3-A were assembled by Mitsubishi as the J1/J2 in late 1952 and early 1953, exclusively for the Japanese police and forestry agency.
The CJ-3A derived military jeep was the Willys M38 or Willys MC, and it began replacing the World War II Willys MB and Ford GPW models as of 1949.
CJ-4
The Willys-Overland CJ-4 aka "X-151" was only ever built as an experimental concept in 1950 or 1951. It used the new Willys Hurricane engine and had an 81 in (2,057 mm) wheelbase. The CJ-4 body tub was an intermediate design between the straightforward raised hood from the CJ-3B and the all new curved body style of the CJ-5. The design was rejected and the vehicle was eventually sold to a factory employee.
Evidence has surfaced, that derived prototypes called CJ-4M and CJ-4MA (aka XM170) have also been seriously considered, as precursors to the 1951 M38A1 and M170 military Jeeps. Although it's not sure that the CJ-4M prototype was ever actually built, the stretched wheelbase ambulance prototype with registration "CJ-4MA-01" turned up in 2005.
CJ-3B
The Willys CJ-3B replaced the CJ-3A in 1953, the same year Willys-Overland was bought by Kaiser Motors. The Kaiser parent company removed "Overland" from the Willys Motors subcompany name. The CJ-3B introduced a higher grille and hood to clear the new Willys Hurricane engine. A four-speed manual transmission became optional in 1963, at an extra cost of $194. The turning radius was 17 ft 6 in (5.3 m). Until 1968 about 196,000 CJ-3Bs were produced, of which 155,494 assembled in the U.S.
Shipments of the M606 militarized version of the Jeep CJ-3B, exported for military aid under the Mutual Defense Assistance Program, accounted for a substantial percentage of the limited CJ-3B production in the 1960's.
International licenses and derivatives
The CJ-3B design was also licensed to a number of international manufacturers who produced a civilian as well as military variants long after 1968, including Mitsubishi of Japan and Mahindra of India. Mitsubishi's version was built from 1953 until 1998, while Mahindra continued to produce vehicles based on the Willys CJ-3B until October 1, 2010. The CJ-3B was also built by Türk Willys Overland. It was the first vehicle plant to be opened in Turkey, in 1954. Mahindra's "Mahindra CJ" produced in 2 versions: 4-seater CJ 340 and 6-seater CJ 540. Both equipped with Peugeot-sourced 64 hp (48 kW; 65 PS) engines.
Mitsubishi Jeep
The Jeep was introduced to the Japanese market as the Jeep J3 in July 1953 after Willys agreed to allow Mitsubishi to market the car themselves, competing with the Nissan Patrol and the Toyota Land Cruiser. The name was not in reference to "CJ3", but rather denoted the fact that 53 "J1"s (CJ-3A with 6-volt electrics) were built for the Japanese regional forest office and approximately 500 "J2"s (CJ-3A with 12-volt electrics) were built for the National Safety Forces. Mitsubishi was to continue knock-down production of vehicles derived from the CJ-3B design until August 1998, when tighter emissions and safety standards finally made the Jeep obsolete. In total, approximately 200,000 units were built in this 45-year period. Short, medium, and long wheelbases were available, as well as a variety of bodystyles and gasoline as well as diesel engines. In Japan, it was sold at a specific retail chain called Galant Shop.
The original J3 was a basic, doorless and roofless version, with steering on the left, rather than the right, despite Japan having left handed traffic. The first right-hand drive versions didn't appear until nearly eight years later (J3R/J11R). The original J3 and its derivatives were equipped with the 2.2 L (2,199 cc) F-head "Hurricane" (called JH4 by Mitsubishi, for Japanese Hurricane 4-cylinder) inline four-cylinder, originally producing 70 PS (51 kW; 69 hp) at 4,000 rpm. In 1955 a slightly longer wheelbase J10 which could seat six was added, and in 1956 the J11 appeared, a two-door "delivery wagon" with a full metal body. This was considerably longer, at 433 cm (170 in) versus 339 cm (133 in) for the J3.
Local production of the JH4 engine commenced in 1955. A locally developed diesel version (KE31) was introduced for the JC3 in 1958, originally with 56 PS (41 kW) at 3,500 rpm but with 61 PS (45 kW; 60 hp) at 3,600 rpm a couple of years later. Later versions used 4DR5 and 4DR6 (J23 turbo) 2.7 liter overhead valve diesel engines. By 1962, the output of the gasoline JH4 engine had crept up to 76 PS (56 kW; 75 hp). By the time of the introduction of the longer J20 in 1960, a six-seater like the J10 but with a differently configurated (more permanent) front windshield as well as available metal doors, Mitsubishi had also added small diagonal skirts to the leading edge of the Jeep's front fenders. This style was to remain the last change to the sheetmetal up front until the end of Mitsubishi Jeep production in 1998.
Later models include two-litre, short wheelbase soft-top J58 (J54 with a diesel engine), and the J38 gasoline wagon on the longest wheelbase. The last iteration of the Japanese Jeeps was the J53 with diesel turbo engine.
CJ-5
The Willys CJ-5 (after 1964 Jeep CJ-5) was influenced by new corporate owner, Kaiser, and the Korean War M38A1 Jeep. It was intended to replace the CJ-3B, but that model continued in production. The CJ-5 repeated this pattern, continuing in production for three decades while three newer models appeared. "The CJ-5 has the distinct honor of being a vehicle that was hard to kill off... equaling the longest production run of note."
From 1961 to 1965, optional for the CJ-5 and CJ-6 was the British-made Perkins 192 cu in (3.15 L) Diesel I4 with 62 hp (46 kW) at 3,000 rpm and 143 lb/ft (213 kg/m) at 1350 rpm.
In 1965, Kaiser bought license to produce the Buick 225 cu in (3.7 L) V6 Dauntless engine, to offer the new 155 hp (116 kW) option on the CJ-5 and CJ-6, countering complaints that the 75 hp four-cylinder Willys Hurricane engine was underpowered. Power steering was a $81 option. The V6 engine proved so popular, that by 1968 some 75% of CJ-5s were sold with it.
Kaiser Jeep was sold to American Motors Corporation (AMC) in 1970, and the Buick engine was retired after the 1971 model year. (GM's Buick division repurchased the engine tooling in the early 1970s which served as the powerplant in several GM vehicles.) The "Trac-Lok" limited-slip differential replaced the "Powr-Lok" in 1971, and power take-offs were no longer available after that year. AMC began marketing the Jeep less as a Universal utility vehicle, and more as a sporty one, notably increasing its performance and features.
1972 Revamp
The 1972 model year brought significant changes to the CJ-5. American Motors began fitting their own engines, which also required changes to both body and chassis. The base Willys 4-cylinder was replaced by AMC's Torque Command straight-6 engines, giving the entry-level CJ-5 the power of the previously optional Buick V6. Standard became the 232 cu in (3.8 L), and optional the 258 cu in (4.2 L), which was standard in California. Both engines used a one-barrel Carter YF carburetor. Also in 1972, AMC's 304 cu in (5.0 L) V8 engine became available, which upgraded the power-to-weight ratio to a level comparable to a V8 muscle-car. Other drive-train changes included a new front axle: a full-floating, open-knuckle Dana 30, which was both 25 lbs lighter and reduced the turning circle by six feet.
To accommodate the new engines, the wheelbase was stretched by 3 in (76 mm), and the fenders and hood were stretched by 5 in (127 mm), pushing the firewall two inches closer to the rear. A new box-frame was fitted, featuring six cross-members for more rigidity. Also a larger fuel tank was mounted, moved from under the driver's seat to under the rear, between the frame rails.
In 1973, a new dash was introduced, with a single gauge in the center of the dash housing the speedometer, fuel and temperature gauges.
A factory-installed radio became available in 1974, and 1975 introduced electronic ignition for the engines, and a catalytic converter on the V8.
In 1975, for the 1976 model year, the tub and frame were modified slightly from earlier versions. The frame went from an open channel to boxed in front of the rear axle, and increased gauge side rails, and the body tub became more rounded. The windshield frame and windshield angle were also changed, meaning that tops from 1955 to 1975 will not fit a 1976-1983 CJ-5 and vice versa. The rear axle was also changed in 1976 from a Dana 44 to an AMC-manufactured model 20 that had a larger-diameter ring gear, but used a two-piece axleshaft/hub assembly instead of the one-piece design used in the Dana. However, some early-production 1976 CJ-5's retained the older Dana model 44 until their inventory was depleted.
From 1976 to 1979 a Borg-Warner Quadra-Trac full-time 4WD transfer-case with high and low gearing, and a lockable limited-slip center differential was offered, like on the CJ-7.
For 1977, power disc brakes and the "Golden Eagle" package (which included a tachometer) were new options, as well as air-conditioning.
In 1979, the standard engine became the 258 cu in (4.2 L) I6 that now featured a Carter BBD two-barrel carburetor.
From 1980 to 1983, the CJ-5 came standard with a "Hurricane"-branded version of the GM Iron Duke I4 with an SR4 close-ratio four-speed manual transmission. The 258 cu in (4.2 L) AMC straight-6 engine remained available as an option, but the transmission was changed from the Tremec T-150 3-speed to a Tremec T-176 close-ratio four-speed. The Dana 30 front axle was retained, but the locking hubs were changed to ones using a five-bolt retaining pattern.
"60 Minutes" Controversy
The demise of the AMC CJ5 Model has been attributed to a December 1980 "60 Minutes" segment where the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) staged a demonstration to illustrate that the CJ5 was apt to roll over "in routine road circumstances at relatively low speeds." Years later it was revealed the testers only managed to achieve 8 rollovers out of 435 runs through a corner. The Insurance Institute requested the testers implement "vehicle loading" (hanging weights in the vehicle's corners inside the body, where they were not apparent to the camera) in order to generate worst-case conditions for stability.
Special CJ-5 versions
- 1961 Tuxedo Park
- 1962 Tuxedo Park Mark II
- 1963 Tuxedo Park Mark III
- 1965 Tuxedo Park Mark IV
- 1969-1970 Camper
- 1969 462
- 1970 Renegade I
- 1971 Renegade II
- 1972-1983 Renegade
- 1973 Super Jeep
- 1977-1983 Golden Eagle
- 1979 Silver Anniversary
- 1980 Golden Hawk -- A 1980 only sticker package for CJ-5, CJ-7 and Cherokee.
- 1980-1983 Laredo
Australia
In Australia, a unique variant of the CJ5/CJ6 was produced in limited numbers. In 1965, when the CJ was given the all-new Buick V6, Jeep saw the need for something similar in Australia. As such, they began to fit Falcon 6-cylinder engines to them at their Rocklea factory in Queensland. The jeep was fitted with an engine, pedal box and clutch/brake system corresponding to the equivalent Falcon at the time; i.e. a 1965 CJ5 would be fitted with 1965 Falcon engine/clutch components. When the Falcon received a hydraulic clutch system, so too did the Jeep. Combat 6 jeeps were also fitted with Australian Borg Warner differentials, and Borg Warner brand gearboxes. There is very little documentation about these Jeeps, and often the only way to conclusively identify them is by owner history.
Brazil
While most foreign assemblers focused on the CJ-3B, Brazil received the CJ-5 instead. After having closed their market to imported cars in 1954, assembly of the "Willys Jeep Universal" (as it was known in Brazil) from CKD kits began in 1957. By 1958 production relied on locally sourced components, with the vehicles equipped with a 90 hp (67 kW) 2.6 liter I6 engine (also used by Willys do Brasil for passenger cars). The Universals came with a three-speed manual transmission. The Brazilian built vehicles are easily recognized by their squared-off rear wheel openings. In 1961, a long wheelbase version, similar to the CJ-6 was added to the line.
On 9 October 1967, Ford do Brasil bought the Brazilian Willys subsidiary and took over the production of the CJ-5, the Willys Jeep Station Wagon-based "Rural" and its pick-up truck version. Ford kept the line with no modifications except for some Ford badges on the sides and on the tailgate. In 1976, Ford equipped the CJ-5 and the rural with the locally built version of the 2.3 liter OHC four-cylinder engine used in the Ford Pinto (also used in the Brazilian Maverick) and a four-speed manual transmission. This engine produced 91 PS (67 kW; 90 hp) (SAE) at 5000 rpm. In 1980, the engine was modified to run on alcohol (E100), this option lasted until 1983, when Ford ended the production of the CJ-5 in Brazil.
CJ-6
The CJ-6 was simply a 20 in (508 mm) longer-wheelbase (101 in, 1955-1971 / 103.5 in, 1972-1981) CJ-5. Introduced in 1955 as a 1956 model, the CJ-6 was never very popular in the United States. Most CJ-6 models were sold to Sweden and South America. It was also assembled in South Africa, by Volkswagen's local subsidiary. The U.S. Forest Service put a number of CJ-6 Jeeps into use. American sales ended after 1975, with the introduction of the CJ-7. Just 50,172 had been made when the series went out of production completely in 1981. Just as in the CJ-5, the V6 and V8 engine choices appeared in 1965 and 1972.
The military version, the M170, actually entered production in 1953. It shared many of the features of the M38A1 (Military CJ-5), but had the passenger door opening extended back to the rear wheel well. Most were used as front-line field ambulances, able to carry four litters. A few were also used as radio units.
The Brazilian Willys factory developed a version of the CJ-5 very similar to the CJ-6, offered with either two or four doors. Called the "Willys Jeep 101" it shared the chassis of the local Rural, a redesigned Willys Jeep Station Wagon. Like the Brazilian-made CJ5s, the 101 has square rear wheel openings. This version was introduced in 1961 but was not retained after Ford's takeover in the fall of 1967.
CJ-5A and CJ-6A
From 1964 to 1968, Kaiser elevated the Tuxedo Park from just a trim package to a separate model for the CJ-5A and CJ-6A. A Tuxedo Park Mark IV is signified by a different prefix from a normal CJ-5 with a VIN prefix of 8322 and a CJ6a is 8422, while a normal CJ-5 VIN prefix is 8305 from 1964 to 1971.
CJ-7
The Jeep CJ-7 featured a wheelbase 10 inches longer than that of the CJ-5, and its trademark rear curve of the side entry cutouts was changed to a shape that would accommodate actual doors. The other main difference between CJ-5 and CJ-7 was to the chassis which consisted of two parallel longitudinal main c-section rails. To help improve vehicle handling and stability, the rear section of the chassis stepped out to allow the springs and shock absorbers to be mounted closer to the outside of the body. It was introduced in for the 1976 model year, with 379,299 built during 11 years of production.
The CJ-7 featured an optional new automatic all-wheel drive system called Quadra-Trac, as well as a part-time two-speed transfer case; an automatic transmission was also an option. Other features included an optional molded hardtop, and steel doors. The CJ-7 was also available in Renegade and Laredo models. Distinguished by their different body decals, the Laredo model featured highback leather bucket seats, a tilting steering wheel and a chrome package that included the bumpers, front grill cover, and side mirrors. An optional Trak-Lok rear differential was available too. Axle ratio was typically 2.73, with 3.13 as an option (standard in high altitude regions).
The reports of the CJ-7 were different in each type of engine: the 145 cu in (2.4 L) diesel was mated to the 4.10 ratio axle (in both Renegade and Laredo), while the 258 cubic-inch straight six and 150 cubic-inch four-cylinder used 3.73 and AMC V8 304-powered models (produced 1976-1981, which became part of the Golden Eagle version) used the 3.55 ratio axles.
A diesel-powered version was made in the Ohio factory for export only. The engines were provided by General Motors, the owners of Isuzu Motor Cars. Production of this diesel version was between 1980 and 1982. This model had the Isuzu C240 engine, T176 transmission, Dana 300 transfer case although there are reports of some being produced with the Dana 20. Typically, they had 4.1 ratio, narrow track axles.
From 1976 to 1980, the CJ-7 came equipped with a Dana 20 transfer case, Dana 30 front axle (27- or 31-spline), and a 29-spline AMC 20 rear axle, while later years, Laredo package added tachometer, chrome bumpers, tow hooks and interior upgrades including leather seats, and clock. In 1980, the Laredo was first fitted with an AMC 20 rear axle until mid-1986, when it was equipped with a Dana 44 and all 1980 and newer CJ-7s came with the Dana 300 transfer case.
The Canadian Army took delivery of 195 militarized versions of the CJ-7 in 1985. These were put into service as a stop gap measure between the retirement of the M38A1 and the introduction of the Bombardier Iltis. They were codified by the Canadian Forces with the Equipment Configuration Code (ECC) Number 121526.
The CJ-7 continues to be used in the sport of mud racing, with either the stock body or a fiberglass replica. CJ-7 has been successfully and widely used as a favorite for rock crawling, through simple and complex modification. These last Jeeps produced were also highlighted with a factory dash plaque that read, "Last of a Great Breed - This collectors edition CJ ends an era that began with the legendary Jeep of World War II".
During its 11 years, the CJ-7 had various common trim packages:
- 1976-1986 Renegade (2.4D L6-2.5-4.2-5.0 AMC 304 V8)
- 1976-1980 Golden Eagle (5.0 AMC 304 V8)
- 1980 Golden Hawk (5.0 AMC 304 V8)
- 1980-1986 Laredo (2.4D-4.2 I6)
Jeep also produced two special edition CJ-7 packages:
- 1982-1983 Limited (2,500 units were built as a limited-production luxury model; 4.2L I6 with T5 or Automatic transmissions)
- 1982 Jamboree Commemorative Edition (630 numbered units built for the 30th anniversary of the Rubicon Trail; 4.2L). With only 630 units produced (560 Topaz Gold Metallic and 70 Olympic White), the CJ-7 Jamboree is the rarest CJ-7 ever built and one of the rarest Jeeps of all time. The Jamboree is in the same production rarity class as the 1971 CJ-5 Renegade-II. It is the most heavily optioned CJ ever built; it was the Rubicon of its day. All units were uniquely numbered via a dash plaque. It is the only AMC Jeep to have been numbered.
Engines
- 150 cu in (2.5 L) AMC I4
- 151 cu in (2.5 L) GM Iron Duke I4
- 232 cu in (3.8 L) AMC I6
- 258 cu in (4.2 L) AMC I6 99.4 PS (73 kW; 98 hp), 261 N?m (193 lb?ft)
- 304 cu in (5.0 L) AMC V8 127 PS (93 kW; 125 hp), 296 N?m (218 lb?ft)
- 145 cu in (2.4 L) Isuzu Diesel C240
Transmissions
- Warner T-18 (4-speed with a Dana 20 1976-1979) (aftermarket adapters exist for a dana 300, but it was not a factory option) (also known as a 3 speed with granny gear)
- Borg-Warner T-4 (4-speed with a Dana 300)
- Borg-Warner T-5 (5-speed with a Dana 300)
- Tremec T-150 (3-speed manual transmission with a Dana 20 1976-1979)
- Tremec T-176 (4-speed manual with a Dana 300)
- Borg-Warner SR-4 (4-speed with a Dana 300)
- GM TH-400 (3-speed automatic with BW QuadraTrac #1339)
- TF-999 (3-speed automatic transmission - 4.2 L with a Dana 300)
- TF-904 (3-speed automatic transmission - 2.5 L with a Dana 300)
Transfer Cases
- Dana 20 (1976-79)
- Dana 300 (1980-86)
- Borg-Warner #1339 (1976-1979)
Axles
- Dana 30 Front narrow track (1976-1981)
- Dana 30 Front wide track track (1982-1986)
- 2-Piece AMC 20 Narrow track rear (1976-1981)
- 2-Piece AMC 20 Narrow track offset pumpkin Rear (1976-1979) Only for QuadraTrac #1339 equipped vehicles
- 2-Piece AMC 20 Wide track rear (1982-1986)
- Dana 44 Wide track Rear (mid-year 1986)
CJ-8 (Scrambler)
The Jeep CJ-8 was a long wheel-base version of the CJ-7, introduced in 1981 and manufactured through 1986. It featured a 103.5 in (2,629 mm) wheelbase and a removable half-cab, creating a small pick-up style box instead of utilizing a separate pickup bed. CJ-8s used the traditional transfer case with manual front-locking hubs to engage the four-wheel drive. Most had either a four or five speed manual transmission, but a three speed automatic transmission was an option.
The term "Scrambler" comes from an appearance package that many CJ-8's were equipped with, which included tape graphics and special wheels. Former President Ronald Reagan owned a CJ-8 and used it on his California Ranch.
A full length steel hardtop CJ-8 was made for the Alaskan Postal Service, using right hand drive and automatic transmissions. Instead of the rear tailgate, the steel hardtop utilized a hinged barn door opening to the back. There were only 230 produced and sold in the U.S. It was also widely sold in Venezuela and Australia as the CJ8 Overlander, with small differences including full length rear windows on the Overlander. Steel hardtops used on these postal Scramblers and Overlanders were known as "World Cab" tops.
Production
There is some debate as to whether 1986 models were left over units from the previous model year.
CJ-10
The Jeep CJ-10 was a CJ-bodied pickup truck based on a heavily modified Jeep J10 pickup truck. Produced from 1981 to 1985, it was sold and designed for export markets; Australia in particular. They featured rectangular headlights mounted in the fenders and a ten-slot grille, where all other CJ Jeeps had a seven-slot grille. The CJ-10 could have either a hardtop or a softtop. The truck could be equipped to handle either a 5,900 lb (2,700 kg) or 6,700 lb (3,000 kg) GVW. Three engines were offered; an 198 cu in (3.2 L) six-cylinder Nissan built diesel engine, an 151 cu in (2.5 L) four cylinder AMC built engine or a 258 cu in (4.2 L) six cylinder AMC built engine. The driveline was largely from the larger J series pickups; consisting of either a four speed Tremec T177 manual transmission or a three speed TorqueFlite A727 automatic transmission, a New Process 208 transfer case, a semi-floating Dana 44 front differential, and either a semi-floating Dana 44 or Dana 60 rear differential, depending on GVW rating. Importation of the CJ-10 into Australia ended in 1985 with the drop of the Australian dollar's value causing the vehicle to be significantly more costly than its competitors.
CJ-10A
The Jeep CJ-10A was a CJ-10-based flightline aircraft tug. Produced in Mexico from 1984 to 1986, they were used by the United States Air Force for use as an aircraft pulling vehicle. It was a 4x2 bobtail design. About 2,300 were produced.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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